See zulum on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "ظَالِم",
"tr": "zalım"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish ظَالِم (zalım)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "ظَالِم"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian ظَالِم (zālim)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ظَالِم"
},
"expansion": "Arabic ظَالِم (ẓālim)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "zalim"
},
"expansion": "Turkish zalim",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "zalım"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani zalım",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Ottoman Turkish ظالم (zalım), from Old Anatolian Turkish ظَالِم (zalım), from Classical Persian ظَالِم (zālim), from Arabic ظَالِم (ẓālim).\nCognate with Turkish zalim, zalım (dialectal, Kırşehir), Azerbaijani zalım and zalim.\nUsed since the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "taa zulum",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "en zulum",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "taa zulum",
"5": "superlative",
"6": "en zulum"
},
"expansion": "zulum (comparative taa zulum, superlative en zulum)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "zulum (comparative taa zulum, superlative en zulum)",
"name": "gag-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gagauz entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 35 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 35 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zulumnuk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cruel, merciless, ruthless"
],
"id": "en-zulum-gag-adj-65WlF6xj",
"links": [
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
],
[
"merciless",
"merciless"
],
[
"ruthless",
"ruthless"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "zùlúm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mew",
"2": "noun",
"head": "zùlúm"
},
"expansion": "zùlúm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maaka",
"lang_code": "mew",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maaka entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 35 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 35 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "her anus",
"text": "zùlúm-tò",
"translation": "her anus"
},
{
"english": "her anus, which is visible to both of us",
"text": "zùlúm-tò-dìyà",
"translation": "her anus, which is visible to both of us"
},
{
"english": "If you crush her anus [that we can both see] she will definitely throw us into the water.",
"ref": "The Grammar of Knowledge: A Cross-Linguistic Typology (2014)",
"roman": "COND-2sg:MASC-crush:PERV anus-POSS:3sg:FEM-JOINT:VIS 3sg:FEM-throw:TR-ASSERT-OBJ:1pl LOC-water-DEF",
"text": "ʔàa-kè-díɓɓò zùlúm-tò-dìyà tà-kwáadà-ntí-mìnê gè-ʔámmàà",
"translation": "If you crush her anus [that we can both see] she will definitely throw us into the water."
}
],
"glosses": [
"anus"
],
"id": "en-zulum-mew-noun-c33RvKId",
"links": [
[
"anus",
"anus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ota:ظلم<id:injustice>",
"id": "injustice",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"root\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظ ل م\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظُلْم\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"transliteration\" : \"zulüm\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ظلم\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"zulum\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-id=\"injustice\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"zulum\" id=\"Romanian:_injustice\">\nBorrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم (zulüm), borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم (zulüm), borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zulumuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "uri"
},
"expansion": "zulum n (plural zulumuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"zu",
"lum"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "zulumurilor",
"gpi": "zulumuri",
"gsd": "zulumului",
"gsi": "zulum",
"n": "",
"npd": "zulumurile",
"npi": "zulumuri",
"nsd": "zulumul",
"nsi": "zulum",
"vp": "zulumurilor",
"vs": "zulumule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 35 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 35 35 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 80 4 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zulumgiu"
},
{
"word": "zulumi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"injustice"
],
"id": "en-zulum-ro-noun-b0XOKztZ",
"links": [
[
"injustice",
"injustice"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nedreptate"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zuˈlum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ota:ظلم<id:injustice>",
"id": "injustice",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nArabic ظُلْم (ẓulm)bor.\nOttoman Turkish ظلمbor.\nSerbo-Croatian zulum\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"root\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظ ل م\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظُلْم\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ظلم\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"term\" : \"zulum\", \"lang\" : \"sh\" }\" data-id=\"injustice\" data-lang=\"sh\" data-title=\"zulum\" id=\"Serbo-Croatian:_injustice\">\nBorrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم, borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nArabic ظُلْم (ẓulm)bor.\nOttoman Turkish ظلمbor.\nSerbo-Croatian zulum\nBorrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم, borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zùlum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "зу̀лум",
"links": [
[
"зу̀лум",
"зулум"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zuluma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zuluma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zùlum",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "zùlum m inan (Cyrillic spelling зу̀лум)",
"name": "sh-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "regional"
},
"expansion": "(regional)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"zu",
"lum"
]
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Serbo-Croatian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violence, terror, tyranny"
],
"id": "en-zulum-sh-noun-lSlNSBrJ",
"links": [
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"terror",
"terror"
],
[
"tyranny",
"tyranny"
]
],
"tags": [
"regional"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"injustice"
],
"id": "en-zulum-sh-noun-b0XOKztZ",
"links": [
[
"injustice",
"injustice"
]
],
"tags": [
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zǔlum/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nasilje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nepravda"
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ar:ظُلْم<id:injustice>",
"id": "oppression",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"root\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظ ل م\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظُلْم\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Turkmen\", \"term\" : \"zulum\", \"lang\" : \"tk\" }\" data-id=\"oppression\" data-lang=\"tk\" data-title=\"zulum\" id=\"Turkmen:_oppression\">\nBorrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zulumy",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tk-decl-noun-auto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumuň",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlaryň",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zuluma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "zulumy",
"5": "plural",
"6": "zulumlar",
"f1request": "1",
"f2request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "zulum (definite accusative zulumy, plural zulumlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "y",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "zulum (definite accusative zulumy, plural zulumlar)",
"name": "tk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"zu",
"lum"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "tk-decl-noun-auto"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zulum",
"10": "zulumlarda",
"11": "zulumdan",
"12": "zulumlardan",
"2": "zulumlar",
"3": "zulumy",
"4": "zulumlary",
"5": "zulumuň",
"6": "zulumlaryň",
"7": "zuluma",
"8": "zulumlara",
"9": "zulumda"
},
"name": "tk-decl-noun-man"
}
],
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oppression"
],
"id": "en-zulum-tk-noun-NolOU1HE",
"links": [
[
"oppression",
"oppression"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brutality"
],
"id": "en-zulum-tk-noun-YswpZTGk",
"links": [
[
"brutality",
"brutality"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zulumnuk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "trk-oat",
"3": "ظَالِم",
"tr": "zalım"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish ظَالِم (zalım)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "ظَالِم"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian ظَالِم (zālim)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ظَالِم"
},
"expansion": "Arabic ظَالِم (ẓālim)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "zalim"
},
"expansion": "Turkish zalim",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "zalım"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani zalım",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Ottoman Turkish ظالم (zalım), from Old Anatolian Turkish ظَالِم (zalım), from Classical Persian ظَالِم (zālim), from Arabic ظَالِم (ẓālim).\nCognate with Turkish zalim, zalım (dialectal, Kırşehir), Azerbaijani zalım and zalim.\nUsed since the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "taa zulum",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "en zulum",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "taa zulum",
"5": "superlative",
"6": "en zulum"
},
"expansion": "zulum (comparative taa zulum, superlative en zulum)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "zulum (comparative taa zulum, superlative en zulum)",
"name": "gag-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gagauz adjectives",
"Gagauz entries with incorrect language header",
"Gagauz lemmas",
"Gagauz terms derived from Arabic",
"Gagauz terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Gagauz terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Gagauz terms inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"cruel, merciless, ruthless"
],
"links": [
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
],
[
"merciless",
"merciless"
],
[
"ruthless",
"ruthless"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "zùlúm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mew",
"2": "noun",
"head": "zùlúm"
},
"expansion": "zùlúm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maaka",
"lang_code": "mew",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Maaka entries with incorrect language header",
"Maaka lemmas",
"Maaka nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "her anus",
"text": "zùlúm-tò",
"translation": "her anus"
},
{
"english": "her anus, which is visible to both of us",
"text": "zùlúm-tò-dìyà",
"translation": "her anus, which is visible to both of us"
},
{
"english": "If you crush her anus [that we can both see] she will definitely throw us into the water.",
"ref": "The Grammar of Knowledge: A Cross-Linguistic Typology (2014)",
"roman": "COND-2sg:MASC-crush:PERV anus-POSS:3sg:FEM-JOINT:VIS 3sg:FEM-throw:TR-ASSERT-OBJ:1pl LOC-water-DEF",
"text": "ʔàa-kè-díɓɓò zùlúm-tò-dìyà tà-kwáadà-ntí-mìnê gè-ʔámmàà",
"translation": "If you crush her anus [that we can both see] she will definitely throw us into the water."
}
],
"glosses": [
"anus"
],
"links": [
[
"anus",
"anus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zulumgiu"
},
{
"word": "zulumi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ota:ظلم<id:injustice>",
"id": "injustice",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"root\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظ ل م\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظُلْم\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"transliteration\" : \"zulüm\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ظلم\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"zulum\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-id=\"injustice\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"zulum\" id=\"Romanian:_injustice\">\nBorrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم (zulüm), borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم (zulüm), borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zulumuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "uri"
},
"expansion": "zulum n (plural zulumuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"zu",
"lum"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "zulumurilor",
"gpi": "zulumuri",
"gsd": "zulumului",
"gsi": "zulum",
"n": "",
"npd": "zulumurile",
"npi": "zulumuri",
"nsd": "zulumul",
"nsi": "zulum",
"vp": "zulumurilor",
"vs": "zulumule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Romanian/um",
"Rhymes:Romanian/um/2 syllables",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian obsolete terms",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Romanian terms derived from Arabic",
"Romanian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Romanian terms derived from the Arabic root ظ ل م"
],
"glosses": [
"injustice"
],
"links": [
[
"injustice",
"injustice"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nedreptate"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zuˈlum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Regional Serbo-Croatian",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with etymology texts",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with etymology trees",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with etymon",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian inanimate nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine inanimate nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Arabic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from the Arabic root ظ ل م"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ota:ظلم<id:injustice>",
"id": "injustice",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nArabic ظُلْم (ẓulm)bor.\nOttoman Turkish ظلمbor.\nSerbo-Croatian zulum\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"root\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظ ل م\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظُلْم\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ظلم\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"term\" : \"zulum\", \"lang\" : \"sh\" }\" data-id=\"injustice\" data-lang=\"sh\" data-title=\"zulum\" id=\"Serbo-Croatian:_injustice\">\nBorrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم, borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nArabic ظُلْم (ẓulm)bor.\nOttoman Turkish ظلمbor.\nSerbo-Croatian zulum\nBorrowed from Ottoman Turkish ظلم, borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zùlum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "зу̀лум",
"links": [
[
"зу̀лум",
"зулум"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zuluma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zuluma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zùlum",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "zùlum m inan (Cyrillic spelling зу̀лум)",
"name": "sh-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "regional"
},
"expansion": "(regional)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"zu",
"lum"
]
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"violence, terror, tyranny"
],
"links": [
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"terror",
"terror"
],
[
"tyranny",
"tyranny"
]
],
"tags": [
"regional"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"injustice"
],
"links": [
[
"injustice",
"injustice"
]
],
"tags": [
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/zǔlum/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nasilje"
},
{
"word": "nepravda"
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Turkmen entries with etymology texts",
"Turkmen entries with etymon",
"Turkmen entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkmen lemmas",
"Turkmen nouns",
"Turkmen terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Turkmen terms derived from Arabic",
"Turkmen terms derived from the Arabic root ظ ل م"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ar:ظُلْم<id:injustice>",
"id": "oppression",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"injustice\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"root\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظ ل م\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"root\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ظُلْم\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Turkmen\", \"term\" : \"zulum\", \"lang\" : \"tk\" }\" data-id=\"oppression\" data-lang=\"tk\" data-title=\"zulum\" id=\"Turkmen:_oppression\">\nBorrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zulumy",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tk-decl-noun-auto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlary",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumuň",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlaryň",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zuluma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zulumlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "zulumy",
"5": "plural",
"6": "zulumlar",
"f1request": "1",
"f2request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "zulum (definite accusative zulumy, plural zulumlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "y",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "zulum (definite accusative zulumy, plural zulumlar)",
"name": "tk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"zu",
"lum"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "tk-decl-noun-auto"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zulum",
"10": "zulumlarda",
"11": "zulumdan",
"12": "zulumlardan",
"2": "zulumlar",
"3": "zulumy",
"4": "zulumlary",
"5": "zulumuň",
"6": "zulumlaryň",
"7": "zuluma",
"8": "zulumlara",
"9": "zulumda"
},
"name": "tk-decl-noun-man"
}
],
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"oppression"
],
"links": [
[
"oppression",
"oppression"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"brutality"
],
"links": [
[
"brutality",
"brutality"
]
]
}
],
"word": "zulum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for zulum meaning in All languages combined (14.8kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1896",
"msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 1 couldn't split inflection templates, zulum/Serbo-Croatian section declension",
"path": [
"zulum"
],
"section": "Serbo-Croatian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "zulum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.